Selected links

    Reports, action plans and programmes

    Investing in a common future

    To table of content
    Next chapter
    Previous chapter

    List of references

    • Addison, Tony and Finn Tarp. 2015. Four key areas to improve aid effectiveness. UNU-WIDER Policy Brief. United Nations University. Available at https://www.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/PB2015-2-Four-key-areas-to-improve-aid-effectiveness.pdf.
    • Ahmad, Yasmin and Eleanor Carey. 2022. How COVID-19 and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine are reshaping official development assistance (ODA). Development Co-operation Profiles. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/component/223ac1dd-en.
    • Balboni, Clare, Oriana Bandiera, Robin Burgess, Maitreesh Ghatak and Anton Heil. 2022. Why Do People Stay Poor? The Quarterly Journal of Economics 137 (2): 785–844.
    • Banerjee, Abhijit, Esther Duflo, Rachel Glennerster and Cynthia Kinnan. 2015. The Miracle of Microfinance? Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 7 (1): 22–53.
    • Caruso, Raul. 2010. Butter, Guns and Ice–Cream Theory and Evidence from Sub–Saharan Africa. Defence and Peace Economics 21 (3). Routledge: 269–283.
    • CBD. 2022. COP15: Nations Adopt Four Goals, 23 Targets for 2030 In Landmark UN Biodiversity Agreement. Tilgjengelig fra https://www.cbd.int/article/cop15-cbd-press-release-final-19dec2022. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Chancel, Lucas. 2022. Global carbon inequality over 1990–2019. Nature Sustainability 5: 931–938.
    • Chancel, Lucas, Philipp Bothe and Tancrède Voituriez. 2023. Climate Inequality Report 2023. World Inequality Lab. Available at https://wid.world/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/CBV2023-ClimateInequalityReport-3.pdf.
    • Clemens, Michael A., Steven Radelet, Rikhil R. Bhavnani and Samuel Bazzi. 2012. Counting Chickens when they Hatch: Timing and the Effects of Aid on Growth. The Economic Journal 122 (561): 590–617.
    • Clements, Benedict J., David Coady, Stefania Fabrizio, Sanjeev Gupta, Trevor Serge Coleridge Alleyne, and Carlo A. Sdralevich. 2013. Energy Subsidy Reform: Lessons and Implications. Washington D.C.: International Monetary Fund. Available at https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Books/Issues/2016/12/31/Energy-Subsidy-Reform-Lessons-and-Implications-40410. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Collier, Paul and David Dollar. 2002. Aid allocation and poverty reduction. European Economic Review 46 (8): 1475–1500.
    • Collier, Paul, Lani Elliott, Håvard Hegre, Anke Hoeffler, Marta Reynal-Querol and Nicholas Sambanis. 2003. Breaking the Conflict Trap: Civil War and Development Policy. World Bank Policy Research Report, 56793. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group og Oxford University Press. Available at https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/908361468779415791/310436360_200500070100031/additional/multi0page.pdf.
    • Corral, Paul, Alexander Irwin, Nandini Krishnan, Daniel Gerszon Mahler and Tara Vishwanath. 2020. Fragility and Conflict: On the Frontlines of the Fight Against Poverty. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group.
    • Davis, Shawn, Therése Pettersson and Magnus Öberg. 2022. Organized violence 1989–2021 and drone warfare. Journal of Peace Research 59 (4). Available at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00223433221108428. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Dercon, Stefan. 2022. Gambling on Development: Why Some Countries Win and Others Lose. Hurst.
    • Deutz, Andrew, Geoffrey M. Heal, Rose Niu, Eric Swanson, Terry Townshend, Zhu Li, Alejandro Delmar, Alqayam Meghji, Suresh A. Sethi and John Tobin-de la Puente. 2020. Financing Nature: Closing the Global Biodiversity Financing Gap. The Paulson Insitute, The Nature Conservancy, and the Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability. Available at https://www.paulsoninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/FINANCING-NATURE_Full-Report_Final-with-endorsements_101420.pdf.
    • Development Finance. 2022. Understanding Trends in Proliferation and Fragmentation for Aid Effectiveness During Crises. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/ef73fb3d1d33e3bf0e2c23bdf49b4907-0060012022/understanding-trends-in-proliferation-and-fragmentation-for-aid-effectiveness-during-crises. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Doyle, Michael W. and Nicholas Sambanis. 2000. International Peacebuilding: A Theoretical and Quantitative Analysis. The American Political Science Review 94 (4): 779–801.
    • Fortna, Virginia Page. 2008. Does Peacekeeping Work? Shaping Belligerents’ Choices after Civil War. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Available at https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691136714/does-peacekeeping-work. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
    • Garvacz, Weronika, David Vilalta, and Lasse Moller. 2021. The role of guarantees in blended finance. OECD Development Co-operation Working Paper 97. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/730e1498-en.pdf?expires=1682361692&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=2E3A1078B54CE1BA09E4403E2649B736. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
    • Gates, Scott, Håvard Hegre, Håvard Mokleiv Nygård and Håvard Strand. 2012. Development Consequences of Armed Conflict. World Development 40 (9): 1713–1722.
    • Global Solar Atlas. i.d. Global Photovoltaic Power Potential by Country. Available at https://globalsolaratlas.info/global-pv-potential-study. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • de Groot, Olaf, Carlos Bozzoli and Tilman Brück. 2022. The global economic burden of violent conflict. Journal of Peace Research 59 (2). Available at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00223433211046823. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Guterres, António. 2023. Secretary-General’s Remarks at the World Economic Forum. Address to the World Economic Forum, 18 January 2023, Davos, Switzerland. Available at https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2023-01-18/secretary-generals-remarks-the-world-economic-forum.
    • Hegre, Håvard, Lisa Hultman and Håvard Mokleiv Nygård. 2019. Evaluating the Conflict-Reducing Effect of UN Peacekeeping Operations. The Journal of Politics 81 (1): 215–232.
    • Hegre, Håvard, Håvard Mokleiv Nygård and Ranveig Flaten Ræder. 2017. Evaluating the scope and intensity of the conflict trap: A dynamic simulation approach. Journal of Peace Research 54 (2). Sage Publications, Ltd.: 243–261.
    • High-Level Advisory Board on Effective Multilateralism (HLAB). 2023. A Breakthrough for People and Planet: Effective and Inclusive Global Governance for Today and the Future. New York: United Nations University. Available at https://www.highleveladvisoryboard.org/breakthrough/pdf/56892_UNU_HLAB_report_Final_LOWRES.pdf.
    • Hout, Wil. 2015. Putting Political Economy to Use in Aid Policies. In A Governance Practitioner’s Notebook. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/accountable-effective-institutions/Governance%20Notebook%201.4%20Hout.pdf.
    • Hoy, Chris and Andy Sumner. 2016. Gasoline, Guns, and Giveaways: Is there New Capacity for Redis-tribution to End Three Quarters of Global Poverty? CGD Working Paper 433. Washington D.C.: Center for Global Development.
    • IDEA. 2022. Global State of Democracy Report 2022: Forging Social Contracts in a Time of Discontent. Stockholm, Sweden: IDEA. Available at https://www.idea.int/democracytracker/sites/default/files/2022-11/the-global-state-of-democracy-2022.pdf.
    • IMF. 2022. Macroeconomic Developments and Prospects in Low-Income Countries – 2022. Policy Paper No. 2022/054. Washington D.C. Available at https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Policy-Papers/Issues/2022/12/07/Macroeconomic-Developments-and-Prospects-in-Low-Income-Countries-2022-526738. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • International Finance Corporation (IFC). 2020. e-Conomy Africa 2020: Africa’s $180 billion Internet economy future. Available at https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/6a940ebd-86c6-4a38-8cac-5eab2cad271a/e-Conomy-Africa-2020-Exe-Summary.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=nmPYAEV.
    • Johnson, Justin Andrew, Giovanni Ruta, Uris Baldos, Raffaello Cervigni, Shun Chonabayashi, Erwin Corong, Olga Gavryliuk, et al. 2021. The Economic Case for Nature: A Global Earth-Economy Model to Assess Development Policy Pathways. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35882. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Juden, Matt and Ian Mitchell. 2021. Cost-Effectiveness and Synergies for Emissions Mitigation Projects in Developing Countries. CGD Policy Paper 204. Washington D.C.: Center for Global Development. Available at https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/cost-effectiveness-and-synergies-for-emissions-mitigation-projects.pdf. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Kelland, Kate. 2023. How climate change increases pandemic risk. CEPI. Available at https://cepi.net/news_cepi/how-climate-change-increases-pandemic-risk/. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
    • Kenny, Charles and Zack Gehan. 2023. Scenarios for Future Global Growth to 2050. CGD Working Paper 634. Washington D.C.: Center for Global Development. Available at https://www.cgdev.org/publication/scenarios-future-global-growth-2050. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Kharas, Homi and Meagan Dooley. 2022. The evolution of global poverty, 1999-2030. Brookings Global Working Paper #166. Center for Sustainable DEvelopment at Brookings Institution. Available at https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Evolution-of-global-poverty.pdf.
    • Korsgren, Pontus and Ulrika Lång. 2021. What Works? To Reduce Poverty Through Social Protection. Stockholm: SIDA.
    • Kremer, Michail, Sasha Gallant, Olga Rostapshova and Milan Thomas. 2021. Is Development Economics a Good Investment? Evidence on Scaling Rate and Social Returns from USAID’s Innovation Fund. Working Paper. Available at https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/voices.uchicago.edu/dist/0/2830/files/2021/09/SROR-21.03.12_clean-3.pdf.
    • Lakner, Christoph, Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Mario Negre and Espen Beer Prydz. 2022. How much does reducing inequality matter for global poverty? The Journal of Economic Inequality 20 (3): 559–585.
    • Levy, Brian. 2014. Working with the Grain: Integrating Governance and Growth in Development Strategies. Oxford University Press.
    • Lie, Jon Harald Sande. 2020. The humanitarian-development nexus: humanitarian principles, practice, and pragmatics. Journal of International Humanitarian Action 5 (1): 18.
    • Madise, Nyovani, Arindam Nandi, Brad Wong, and Saleema Razvi. 2023. Achieving maternal and neonatal mortality development goals effectively: A cost-benefit analysis. Copenhagen Consensus Center. Available at https://www.copenhagenconsensus.com/sites/default/files/2023-03/Maternal%20and%20Newborn%20health%20Manuscript%20230211_1.pdf.
    • Mahler, Daniel Gerszon, Nishant Yonzan and Christoph Lakner. 2022. The Impact of COVID-19 on Global Inequality and Poverty. Policy Research working paper no. WPS 10198. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099250510052241154/IDU01d94e70603dc804f990b6130751d75dccb52. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Melonio, Thomas, Rémy Rioux and Jean-David Naudet. 2022. Official Development Assistance at the Age of Consequences. Working Paper. Agence française de développement. Available at https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/avgwpaper/en14593.htm. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Mitchell, Ian and Euan Ritchie. 2020. CDI 2020: China’s Commitment to Development. Center For Global Development | Ideas to Action. Available at https://www.cgdev.org/blog/chinas-commitment-development. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Mitchell, Ian, Euan Ritchie and Atousa Tahmasebi. 2021. Is Climate Finance Towards $100 Billion «New and Additional»? CGD Policy Paper 205. Washington D.C.: Center for Global Development. Available at https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/PP205-Mitchell-Ritchie-Tahmasebi-Climate-Finance.pdf.
    • Moyer, Jonathan D. 2023. Blessed are the peacemakers: The future burden of intrastate conflict on poverty. World Development 165: 106188.
    • Multilateral Organisation Performance Assessement Network (MOPAN). 2022. Lessons in Multilateral Effectiveness: More than the Sum of Its Parts?: The Multilateral Response to Covid-19. Paris: MOPAN. Available at https://www.mopanonline.org/analysis/items/MOPAN_COVID19_Overview_Final.pdf.
    • Multilateral Organisation Performance Assessement Network (MOPAN). i.d. MOPAN 3.0 Methodology Digest & Manual. Multilateral Organisation Performance Assessment Network (MOPAN). Available at https://www.mopanonline.org/genericpages/. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Munevar, Daniel. 2018. Climate Change and Debt Sustainability in the Caribbean: Trouble in Paradise? Background paper, Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Financing for Development 2nd Session, 7. – 9. november. Genéve: UNCTAD. Available at https://unctad.org/system/files/non-official-document/tdb_efd2c01_Munevar_en.pdf.
    • Newell, Peter. 2022. Finance for the Common Good: Re-Thinking the Relationship between Finance, Poverty and Sustainability. In Financial Crises, Poverty and Environmental Sustainability: Challenges in the Context of the SDGs and Covid-19 Recovery, edited by Andreas Antoniades, Alexander S. Antonarakis, and Isabell Kempf, 17–24. Sustainable Development Goals Series. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Available at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87417-9_2. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Norad. 2020a. Blind Sides and Soft Spots – An Evaluation of Norway’s Aid Engagement in South Sudan. Norad-rapport 3/2020. Oslo: Norad. Available at https://norad.no/om-bistand/publikasjon/2020/blind-sides-and-soft-spots--an-evaluation-of-norways-aid-engagement-in-south-sudan/. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Norad. 2020b. Evaluation of Norway’s Engagement in Somalia 2012-2018. Norad-rapport 7/2020. Oslo: Norad. Available at https://norad.no/om-bistand/publikasjon/2020/evaluation-of-norways-engagement-in-somalia-20122018/. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • Norad. 2023. Prisen på en tryggere framtid. Norad-rapport 1/2023. Oslo: Norad. Available at https://www.norad.no/contentassets/fb61c830cf15447986a8b980a319fd2a/norad_finansieringsrapport_januar_2023.pdf.
    • Norad. i.d. Bistandsresultater: Statistikk og resultater av norsk bistand. Available at https://resultater.norad.no/no. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • NOU 2022: 12. 2022. Fondet i en brytningstid: Statens pensjonsfond utland og endrede økonomiske og politiske utviklingstrekk. Oslo: Finansdepartementet. Available at https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/64bb4d38fdfb4d3c99e7a35b234f2fa2/no/pdfs/nou202220220012000dddpdfs.pdf.
    • NYU Center on International Cooperation. 2019. The Triple Nexus in Practice: Toward a New Way of Working in Protracted and Repeated Crises. New York: NYU Center on International Cooperation. Available at https://www.fsnnetwork.org/resource/triple-nexus-practice-toward-new-way-working-protracted-and-repeated-crises. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2007. Principles for good international engagement in fragile states & situations. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/conflict-fragility-resilience/docs/38368714.pdf.
    • OECD. 2019. OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Norway 2019. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/oecd-development-co-operation-peer-reviews-norway-2019_75084277-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2020. States of Fragility 2020. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/states-of-fragility-2020_ba7c22e7-en. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2021. Forward-looking Scenarios of Climate Finance Provided and Mobilised by Developed Countries in 2021-2025: Technical Note. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/finance-and-investment/forward-looking-scenarios-of-climate-finance-provided-and-mobilised-by-developed-countries-in-2021-2025_a53aac3b-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022a. Climate-Related Official Development Assistance: A Snapshot. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/climate-related-official-development-assistance-update.pdf.
    • OECD. 2022b. Development Co-operation Profiles. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/development-co-operation-profiles_2dcf1367-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022c. Global Outlook on Financing for Sustainable Development 2023: No Sustainability Without Equity. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/finance-and-investment/global-outlook-on-financing-for-sustainable-development-2023_fcbe6ce9-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022d. States of Fragility 2022. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/states-of-fragility-fa5a6770-en.htm. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022e. Other official providers not reporting to the OECD. In Development Co-operation Profiles. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/development-co-operation-profiles_18b00a44-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022f. Official Development Assistance by regime context (2010-19). OECD Development Policy Papers No. 44. Paris: OECD. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/official-development-assistance-by-regime-context-2010-19_57ab4100-en. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022g. OECD Statistics. Available at https://stats.oecd.org/. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2022h. Statistics on resource flows to developing countries. OECD. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/statisticsonresourceflowstodevelopingcountries.htm. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2023a. Development Co-operation Report 2023: Debating the Aid System. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/development-co-operation-report-2023_f6edc3c2-en. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • OECD. 2023b. Private finance mobilised by official development finance interventions. Development Co-operation Directorate. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/2023-private-finance-odfi.pdf.
    • OECD. n.d. The Development Assistance Committee’s Mandate. Available at https://www.oecd.org/dac/thedevelopmentassistancecommitteesmandate.htm. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Oteh, Arunma, René Karsenti, Elizabeth Nelson and Chris Humphrey. 2022. Reforming capital adequacy at MDBs: How to prudently unlock more financial resources to face the world’s development challenges. ODI. Available at https://odi.org/en/insights/proposals-to-reform-capital-adequacy-at-mdbs-how-to-prudently-unlock-more-financial-resources-to-face-the-worlds-development-challenges/. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
    • Oxford Business Group. 2019. The Report: Agriculture in Africa 2019. London, UK: Oxford Business Group. Available at https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/files/blog/specialreports/949525/africa_2019_special_report.pdf.
    • Prop 1 S, (2022–2023). 2022. Proposisjon til Stortinget (forslag til stortingsvedtak) for budsjettåret 2023. Arbeids- og inkluderingsdepartementet. Available at https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/89287bc3f9314a11a7a5d94613af2699/no/pdfs/prp202220230001aiddddpdfs.pdf.
    • Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment. 2023. Norway’s Eight National Communication: Under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Status Report as of December 2022, Resubmitted in March 2023. Oslo: Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment. Available at https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/a69c7662e3ed4b1fa2f946f8e966343a/en-gb/pdfs/t-1582-e-norways-eighth-national-communication.pdf.
    • Sambanis, Nicholas and Håvard Hegre. 2004. Sensitivity Analysis of the Empirical Literature on Civil War Onset, paper presented at a Polarization and Conflict network meeting at Voksenåsen, Oslo, 2–4 July.
    • SIDA. 2023. The expert group’s meeting with SIDA concerning the Swedish guarantee scheme, 9 Ja-nuary 2023. Teams.
    • Slob, Anneke, Arne Disch, Stephanie Crasto, Adrien Lorenceau and Alexander O’Riordan. 2020. Evaluation of Norway’s Aid Concentration. Norad-rapport 4/2020. Oslo: Norad. Available at https://www.norad.no/contentassets/8d02ef5bdfea46b1bddb84882cdda37b/4.2020-evaluation_of_norways_aid_concentration.pdf.
    • Soucat, Agnès and Ilona Kickbusch. 2020. Global Common Goods for Health: Towards a New Framework for Global Financing. Global Policy 11 (5): 628–635.
    • The Economist. 2022. Economic growth no longer requires rising emissions. The Economist. Available at https://www.economist.com/leaders/2022/11/10/economic-growth-no-longer-requires-rising-emissions. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • Total Official Support for Sustainable Development (TOSSD). 2022. TOSSD Reporting Instructions. TOSSD. Available at https://www.tossd.org/docs/reporting-instructions.pdf.
    • UN. 2021. Our Common Agenda: Report of the Secretary-General. New York: UN. Available at https://www.un.org/en/content/common-agenda-report/assets/pdf/Common_Agenda_Report_English.pdf.
    • UN Secretary-General and Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators. 2016. Report of the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators. E/CN.3/2016/2/Rev.1. New York: UN,. Available at https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/821651.
    • UN Stats. 2022. SDG Indicator Metadata (Harmonized Metadata Template – Format Version 1.1). UN Stats. Available at https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-17-03-01.pdf.
    • UNCTAD. 2014. Developing countries face $2.5 trillion annual investment gap in key sustainable development sectors, UNCTAD report estimates. UNCTAD. Available at https://unctad.org/press-material/developing-countries-face-25-trillion-annual-investment-gap-key-sustainable. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • UNDP. 2022. Human Development Report 2021-22: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping Our Future in a Transforming World. Human Development Reports. New York: UNDP. Available at https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2021-22. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • UNESCO. 2021. An unfulfilled promise: 12 years of education for every girl. ED/GEM/MRT/2021/FS/2 Rev. Available at https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000377997. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
    • UNGA. 2015. Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference of Financing for Development. A/RES/69/313. Available at https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/232/22/PDF/N1523222.pdf?OpenElement.
    • UNGA (10th special Session). 1978. Final document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly.A/RES/S-10/2. Available at https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/218448. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
    • UNGA (25th session). 1970. International Development Strategy for the 2nd United Nations Development Decade.
    • UNGA (75th session). 2022. Follow-up to and implementation of the outcomes of the International Conferences on Financing for Development: Report of the Secretary-General. A/77/223. UNGA. Available at https://www.un.org/development/desa/financing/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.financing/files/2020-10/SG%20report%20FFD%202020.pdf. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • UNHCR. 2022. Mid-Year Trends. UNHCR. Available at https://www.unhcr.org/mid-year-trends. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • UNICEF. 2023. Child Mortality: Under-Five Mortality. UNICEF DATA. Available at https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/under-five-mortality/. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
    • United Nations Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States. i.d. Multidimensional Vulnerability Index. Available at https://www.un.org/ohrlls/mvi. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Utenriksdepartementet. 2017. Strategisk rammeverk for norsk innsats i sårbare stater og regioner. Oslo: Utenriksdepartementet. Available at https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/dokumenter/planer/saarbar-strategisk-rammeverk-oppdatert120717.pdf.
    • Utenriksdepartementet. 2023. Tildelingsbrev til Direktoratet for utviklingssamarbeid – Norad for 2023. Utenriksdepartementet. Available at https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/82928efb0ef545cd904e03ab51b51470/tildelingsbrev-til-norad-for-20234083741.pdf.
    • Wade, Paul. 2022. Hvordan kan bistanden mobilisere private investeringer til utviklingsland for å nå bærekraftsmålene? Norad-rapport 1/2022. Oslo: Norad. Available at https://www.norad.no/globalassets/publikasjoner/publikasjoner-2022/norads-rapportserie/hvordan-kan-bistanden-mobilisere-private-investeringer-til-utviklingsland-for-a-na-barekraftsmalene-.pdf.
    • Waglé, Swarnim and Kanni Wignaraja. 2022. The Great Upheaval: Resetting Development Policy and Institutions for ther Decade of Action in Asia and the Pacific. New York og Cambridge: UNDP og Cambridgre University Press. Available at https://www.undp.org/publications/great-upheaval. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • World Bank. 2020. The COVID-19 Pandemic: Shocks to Education and Policy Responses. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33696. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • World Bank. 2022a. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Correcting Course. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/b96b361a-a806-5567-8e8a-b14392e11fa0/content.
    • World Bank. 2022b. Vietnam Country Climate and Development Report. CCDR Series. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10986/37618. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • World Bank. 2022c. Pakistan: Flood Damages and Economic Losses Over USD 30 billion and Reconstruction Needs Over USD 16 billion – New Assessment. Available at https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/10/28/pakistan-flood-damages-and-economic-losses-over-usd-30-billion-and-reconstruction-needs-over-usd-16-billion-new-assessme. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    • World Bank. 2023. Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects: Trends, Expectations, and Policies. Washington D.C.: World Bank Group. Available at https://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/long-term-growth-prospects. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
    • World Bank. i.d. World Development Indicators. Available at https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
    • Zürcher, Christoph, Patrick Labelle, Luan Borges, Kolby Hoare, Mir Ahmed Javid, Kathryn Kavanagh, Sabrina Sarna and Emily Woolner. 2011. Impact of Aid in Highly Fragile States. A synthesis of three systematic reviews of aid to Afghanistan, Mali and South Sudan, 2008 – 2021. Policy and Operations Evaluation Department (IOB) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Available at https://english.iob-evaluatie.nl/publications/sub-studies/2022/11/10/synthesis-of-systematic-reviews-in-afghanistan-mali-and-south-sudan. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    Next chapter
    Previous chapter
    Next chapter
    Previous chapter
    To front page
    Go to the top